Industry Analysis
Two complementary views of how industries connect: a supply chain dependency network showing structural linkages, and a dual-exposure scatter showing each sector's combined economic and climate risk position.
Supply Chain Dependency Network
Edge direction: source sector is a prerequisite input for target sector. Transport's degree centrality (most edges) reflects its role as the universal logistics layer — a disruption here propagates to every other sector.
Economy vs. Climate Dual-Exposure Map
X = sector inflation pressure · Y = regulatory/climate exposure · Bubble size = global GHG share (%). Top-right quadrant: highest combined stress sectors.
Derived demand propagation
Every physical good that manufacturing produces, every tonne of grain agriculture harvests, and every piece of energy infrastructure installed must be moved. Transport costs embed directly into the cost-of-goods inflation signal for all five other sectors — a 10% shipping cost shock adds 0.8–1.4% to downstream inflation before any second-round effects.
Emissions transmission channel
Transport emits 16% of global GHG directly but is responsible for 22–28% of total embedded emissions when Scope 3 logistics costs across manufacturing, agriculture, and energy are reallocated. IMO 2028 carbon levies are a sectoral cost that will be passed through supply chains to all importing sectors within 12–18 months of implementation.
Climate physical risk amplifier
A port closure from a cyclone event (CMIP6: increasing tropical cyclone intensity post-2030) simultaneously disrupts energy supply chains (LNG tankers), food commodity exports (agriculture), manufacturing inputs (containerised components), and insurance claims from cargo loss. No other sector has equivalent cross-sector physical risk propagation.
Economic model calibration anchor
Freight volume is a leading indicator of economic output — the Baltic Dry Index and PMI freight components both predict GDP growth 4–6 weeks ahead. In NiGEM and FRB/US, transport volume changes trigger investment and trade adjustment across all linked sectors within two model periods, making transport the fastest-propagating transmission node in CE's inter-model linkages.